大学英语短文写作经典范文分析
（一）以“学生社会实践活动”范文为例
结构分析
开头：“There is no doubt that students can benefit a lot from social practice activities.”直接点明主题，表明学生能从社会实践活动中获益良多，这种开门见山的方式能让读者迅速抓住文章主旨 19.
主体：从三个方面阐述学生能获得的好处，“First, they are provided with more chances and opportunities to contact with our real society and broaden their horizon. Second, it is a good chance for them to apply their theory knowledge to practice and improve their ability. Third, students can enjoy the happiness of work and realize their value.”每个论点都条理清晰，使用“First, Second, Third”这样的连接词使得文章层次分明。然后通过“However”转折，提出在参加社会实践活动过程中也有需要注意的事情，如“students should take care of themselves well and interchange labor and repose during the work. In addition, they should not ignore their studies when they are working.”这种先阐述好处再提及注意事项的结构，使文章内容更加全面。
结尾：文章虽未明确再次总结，但主体部分已经将利弊阐述清楚，结构完整。
语言分析
用词：“benefit a lot”“broaden their horizon”“apply...to practice”等词组的使用，准确地表达了作者的意思，并且体现了一定的词汇量。
句式：以简单句为主，穿插了一些并列句，如“First, they are provided with... and broaden...”使句子结构丰富，易于理解。
（二）以“家长对孩子缺乏创造力失望”的范文分析
结构分析
开头：通过描述家长对关掉电视陪伴孩子的态度引出孩子缺乏创造力这一现象，先提出家长的观点和观察结果，如“Many parents who welcome the idea of turning off TV and spending more time with the family are still worded that without TV they would constantly be on call as entertainers for their children. They remember thinking up all sorts of things to do when they were kids. But their own kids seem different，less resourceful， somewhat.”这种从现象入手的方式能够引起读者的兴趣，为下文的讨论做铺垫 26.
主体：以一位父亲的话为例具体阐述家长对孩子的失望，如“One father， for example， says， When I was a kid， we were always thinking up things to do. We certainly never complain in an annoying way to our parents: 'have nothing to do! ' He compares this with his own children today: They're simply lazy.”然后分析这种失望是不公平的，并阐述原因。
结尾：总结强调不应压抑孩子的天性，使文章有一个完整的逻辑闭环。
语言分析
用词：“resourceful”“deplores”等词汇的使用比较高级，显示出作者的词汇储备。
句式：既有长句如“He deplores his children' s lack of inventiveness， as if the ability to play were something innate that his children are missing.”也有短句，长短句结合使文章富有节奏感。

一、主谓一致错误
主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。这是大学英语作文中常见的错误之一。
在写作中，当主语为第三人称单数（如he、she、it或单数名词）时，谓语动词往往忘记使用第三人称单数形式。例如“My sister go to the cinema at least once a week.”，这里的“sister”是第三人称单数，正确的形式应该是“goes”21。
当句子中有并列主语时，容易出现主谓一致错误。例如“Someone/somebody think that reading should be selective.”，这里“someone”或“somebody”是单数主语，谓语动词应该用“thinks”22。
二、冠词错误
冠词分为定冠词（the）和不定冠词（a/an），其用法比较复杂，容易出错。
可数名词单数前如果没有特殊情况，一般需要加冠词。像“I want to eat apple”就是错误的，正确的是“I want to eat an apple”，这里遗漏了不定冠词“an”。
定冠词的使用也容易混淆。例如在表示特指的事物或上文提到过的事物时应该用“the”，如果该用而没用或者不该用却用了都会造成错误。
三、代词错误
代词要与它所指代的名词在性、数、格上保持一致。
在主格和宾格的使用上容易出错。例如“John gave the book to me and him”，这里“him”作为“give”的间接宾语，应该使用主格“he”，正确的句子是“John gave the book to me and he”11。
代词的单复数也需注意。当指代的名词是复数时，代词也要用复数形式。
四、时态错误
英语中的时态表示动作发生的时间，正确使用时态对于表达准确的语义非常重要。
前后时态不一致是常见问题。比如“I was walking along the road，and there are not so many cars on the street.”，前面是过去进行时“was walking”，后面应该也是过去的时态，正确的是“were not so many cars”22。
时态的用法错误，例如该用现在完成进行时却用了一般现在时等。比如“I am a student who has studying in the college for two years.”，正确的应该是“I have been studying in the college for two years”