五、句子成分问题
(一)句子缺乏成分
例如“我们应该参加各类对我们成长有利的实践活动”,错误翻译为“We should take part in various practical activities maybe useful for us”,这里的“maybe”一词属于错误应用,并且句子结构存在错误。正确的表达为“We should take part in various practical activities that are beneficial to our growth”,原句中主句主语为名词、代词,不能像原句那样构造句子,导致句子结构残缺2。
(二)句子结构多余
例如“让我们诧异的是莉莉没有通过这次英语考试”,如果写成“To our surprise Lily did not pass the English exam, it surprised us”就存在句子结构多余的问题,正确的是“To our surprise, Lily did not pass the English exam”或者“That Lily did not pass the English exam surprised us”2。
六、词性错误
由于词性使用错误导致句子语法错误。例如“由于他的粗心大意,使他陷入了严重的麻烦中”,错误翻译为“His careless caused him to be in serious trouble”,句子主语为“careless”,但是“careless”属于形容词,无法做主语,这就是词性应用上的错误2。
七、单词搭配错误
英语单词有其特定的搭配用法,如果用错会造成语法错误。比如“win”这个词,它只能用运动项目或活动作宾语,不能是人。要说“赢了某人”应该说成“beat sb.”,如果混淆使用就会出错3。
八、词序错误
汉语句子中某些词语出现在某一位置,在英语句子中表示同一个意思的词语不一定也在那个位置上。例如“我对他很熟悉”,英语应该是“I know him very well”,而不是“I very well know him”,所以一定要注意英汉句子词序的差别,写错词序也是一种典型的语法错误3
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大学英语短文写作之健康生活方式主题范文
一、范文示例 In modern society, more and more people are concerned about their health. Here are some ways to lead a healthy life. First of all, a balanced diet is crucial. Instead of choosing junk foods like fried chicken and hamburgers all the time, we should focus on consuming more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins and fiber, which can help improve our digestion and boost our immune system. Lean proteins such as chicken breast, fish, and beans can provide the necessary energy for our daily activities. For example, an apple a day can keep the doctor away, and fish is a great source of omega - 3 fatty acids which are beneficial for our heart health 1. Secondly, regular exercise is essential for a healthy lifestyle. We can choose the type of exercise that suits us, such as jogging, swimming, dancing or cycling. Jogging for 30 minutes a day can strengthen our heart and lungs. Swimming is a full - body exercise that can improve our flexibility and muscle strength. In addition, dancing is not only a good way to exercise but also a fun activity to relieve stress. Finally, a good mental state also plays an important role in our health. In the face of the fast - paced life and high pressure, we should learn to relax ourselves. We can practice meditation or yoga to calm our minds. When we encounter difficulties and setbacks, we should maintain an optimistic attitude. For instance, instead of getting frustrated when facing a difficult task at work or study, we can see it as an opportunity to improve our abilities. In conclusion, by following a balanced diet, doing regular exercise and maintaining a good mental state, we can lead a healthy life.
大学英语短文写作模板
(一)观点对比型模板
开头段
引出话题:Recently, the topic of... has been widely discussed.
提出两种不同观点:Some people believe that... However, others hold the opposite view that...
主体段
阐述 种观点:Those who support... think that... Firstly,... Secondly,... Thirdly,...
阐述第二种观点:On the other hand, the people who are in favor of... argue that... For one thing,... For another thing,...
结尾段
表明自己的观点:In my opinion,... The reasons are as follows. First,... Second,...
(二)问题解决型模板
开头段
描述问题:It is no doubt that... has become a serious problem nowadays.
强调问题的重要性或影响:This problem not only affects... but also has a negative impact on...
主体段
提出解决办法:There are several solutions to this problem. First of all,... Secondly,... Moreover,...
阐述每个解决办法的具体实施方式或理由:For the first solution,... For the second solution,...
结尾段
总结:In conclusion, if we take these measures effectively, we can surely solve the problem.
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