怀柔区业余制大学英语培训针对英语写作部分尤其薄弱的备考四级学员。由有着优秀背景的教师悉心授课,根据四级翻译与写作考察内容及要求,深入分析常见考点。
大学英语短文写作之健康生活方式主题范文
一、范文示例 In modern society, more and more people are concerned about their health. Here are some ways to lead a healthy life. First of all, a balanced diet is crucial. Instead of choosing junk foods like fried chicken and hamburgers all the time, we should focus on consuming more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins and fiber, which can help improve our digestion and boost our immune system. Lean proteins such as chicken breast, fish, and beans can provide the necessary energy for our daily activities. For example, an apple a day can keep the doctor away, and fish is a great source of omega - 3 fatty acids which are beneficial for our heart health 1. Secondly, regular exercise is essential for a healthy lifestyle. We can choose the type of exercise that suits us, such as jogging, swimming, dancing or cycling. Jogging for 30 minutes a day can strengthen our heart and lungs. Swimming is a full - body exercise that can improve our flexibility and muscle strength. In addition, dancing is not only a good way to exercise but also a fun activity to relieve stress. Finally, a good mental state also plays an important role in our health. In the face of the fast - paced life and high pressure, we should learn to relax ourselves. We can practice meditation or yoga to calm our minds. When we encounter difficulties and setbacks, we should maintain an optimistic attitude. For instance, instead of getting frustrated when facing a difficult task at work or study, we can see it as an opportunity to improve our abilities. In conclusion, by following a balanced diet, doing regular exercise and maintaining a good mental state, we can lead a healthy life.
大学英语短文写作模板
(一)观点对比型模板
开头段
引出话题:Recently, the topic of... has been widely discussed.
提出两种不同观点:Some people believe that... However, others hold the opposite view that...
主体段
阐述 种观点:Those who support... think that... Firstly,... Secondly,... Thirdly,...
阐述第二种观点:On the other hand, the people who are in favor of... argue that... For one thing,... For another thing,...
结尾段
表明自己的观点:In my opinion,... The reasons are as follows. First,... Second,...
(二)问题解决型模板
开头段
描述问题:It is no doubt that... has become a serious problem nowadays.
强调问题的重要性或影响:This problem not only affects... but also has a negative impact on...
主体段
提出解决办法:There are several solutions to this problem. First of all,... Secondly,... Moreover,...
阐述每个解决办法的具体实施方式或理由:For the first solution,... For the second solution,...
结尾段
总结:In conclusion, if we take these measures effectively, we can surely solve the problem.
怀柔区业余制大学英语培训
大学英语六级阅读模拟试题
(一)化学工业相关阅读模拟题
以下是一道有关化学工业比较类型的模拟题: Which is safer - staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home. The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947), Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984). Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal. 1
(二)工作模式相关阅读模拟题
基于工作模式变化的理解题
题目:The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed. What does this statement imply?
答案思路分析:This statement implies that the end of the industrial age might necessitate a change back to some pre - industrial work patterns. During the industrial age, there were significant changes such as the enclosure movement making people dependent on paid work, the factory system destroying cottage industries, and employment causing disadvantages for women and exclusion of young and old people. Now, as the industrial age is potentially ending, there may be a need to reverse these changes for a better future of work. 2
关于就业历史影响的细节题
题目:How did the enclosure movement in the 17th and 18th centuries affect employment?
答案思路分析:The enclosure movement in the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work. It did this by depriving them of the use of the land, thus taking away their means of providing a living for themselves, which led to the widespread nature of employment.
怀柔区业余制大学英语培训
不同题型的解题要点
细节题:细节题是六级阅读中常见的题型。解题时先解读问题,弄清楚提问哪一方面,是人物、地点、时间,还是问题的解决办法等要素(即What,When,Where,Why,How)。可以根据问题词干定位原文信息,然后仔细阅读全段,找出正确答案。要注意细节题干扰项的特点,如原文未提及、与原文意思相反、过于绝对或不够全面、张冠李戴等。例如在一道真题中问“Where did the experiment take place?”如果文章中明确提到“in a laboratory in Paris”,而干扰项可能会有“in London”(原文未提及)、“in Paris, but outside the laboratory”(与原文意思不符)等。
推理题:重点考查考生综合运用语感、语法、词汇、逻辑等方面的知识对文章进行分析和判断的能力。推断题的难点在于文中没有给出直接的答案,需要联系上下文进行推敲,弄懂前后句之间的逻辑关系,同时也要注意句子间或段落之间表示过渡关系或转折让步等关系的连词和副词。也可以采用排除法,逐一筛除错误选项。例如文章中提到某个人物的行为和一些相关的情况,然后问从这些内容可以推断出这个人物的性格特点是什么,就需要综合分析这些信息来得出结论。
主旨大意题:主要考查考生对短文的整体把握能力,能否抓住中心思想。少数情况下主题句会出现在段中或是无明确主题句,这时考生就要综合全文,整理出文章的脉络,判断文章的主要描述对象。比如在一篇文章中没有明显的主题句,但是通过阅读全文发现文章主要讲述了不同国家应对气候变化的措施,那么这就是文章的主旨。
态度题:需要判断作者对某个事物或观点的态度倾向。这就要求考生在阅读文章时注意作者使用的词汇、语气等方面的线索。如果作者使用了很多积极的词汇,如“excellent”“beneficial”等,可能表明作者持积极的态度;如果使用了“problematic”“harmful”等词,可能是消极的态度。
词汇题:考查考生在已知信息的基础上推测判断某些超纲词汇或短语的词意的能力。可以根据上下文的逻辑关系、句子结构、同位语等信息来推测词义。例如文章中出现“The man was very parsimonious. He never bought unnecessary things.”根据后面的“He never bought unnecessary things”可以推测出“parsimonious”可能是“吝啬的”“节俭的”之类的意思。
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怀柔区业余制大学英语培训
其一,文化负载词的翻译。四六级翻译中经常会出现具有中国文化特色的词汇。比如“风水”这个词,直译为“Fengshui”,这就需要我们对中国传统文化词汇有一定的了解和积累。我在备考时,专门整理了一本文化负载词手册,像“太极”(Taiji)、“饺子”(Jiaozi)等。同时,还可以通过阅读一些关于中国文化的英语书籍来加深对这些词汇翻译的理解。
其二,语法结构的转换。中英文语法结构有很大差异。在翻译句子时,要学会进行结构转换。例如“他跑得如此之快,以至于我们都追不上他。”翻译成“He runs so fast that we can't catch up with him.”这是比较简单的情况。但像一些复杂的句子,如“在过去的几十年里,中国在经济发展方面取得了巨大的成就,这不仅改变了中国人民的生活,也对世界经济产生了深远的影响。”就需要调整结构,可译为“In the past few decades, China has made great achievements in economic development, which has not only changed the lives of the Chinese people but also had a profound impact on the world economy.”我在练习时,会对一些典型的句子进行结构分析和转换练习。
其三,用词的准确性。翻译时要准确用词。比如“美丽的”这个词,不要总是用“beautiful”,可以根据具体语境使用“gorgeous”“splendid”等。在翻译“这座古老的寺庙看起来非常壮观。”时,可以说“This ancient temple looks magnificent.”我在平时阅读英语文章时,会注意一些近义词的用法区别,这样在翻译时就能更准确地选择词汇。
怀柔区业余制大学英语培训
按教育大纲要求,英语四级词汇量要求4200个,六级词汇量要求5500个。词汇量不仅会影响四级的阅读和写作速度,也会影响听力的效果。美国语言学家Diller研究表明,如果我们认识25个单词,平均每一页上我们就认识23%个单词;如果我们认识135个单词,该百分比就达到50%;2500个单词量相当于78%;5000个单词量相应于86%;10000个单词量相当于92%。所以,单词量越大的同学在阅读理解中看懂的部分就越多,正确率就就越大。
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